What to do in a medical emergency as an expat in Thailand
Handling a medical emergency in Thailand as an expat can be difficult without the right information. This guide explains what to do in a medical emergency, including important contact numbers, the differences between public and private hospitals, how to deal with language barriers, and why health insurance is essential. Knowing these steps can help expats get the care they need quickly.
Immediate steps to take in an emergency
In a medical emergency, knowing what to do can make a big difference. Quick action and clear communication are essential to getting the right help. Follow these steps to stay prepared and handle the situation effectively.
Stay calm and assess the situation
In a medical emergency, staying calm is essential. Keeping a clear head helps you make better decisions and act quickly. Look at the situation to understand how serious it is and what needs to be done.
What appears to be the problem? Is the patient responsive? If it is you, how bad is it? Is the situation still dangerous? Where are you? Is there anyone around who can help?
Dont get locked in with tunnel-vision and open your eyes to the surroundings as well.
Call emergency services
If you need medical help in Thailand, dial 1669 for national emergency medical services. This number works nationwide and is free to call. For emergencies that also need police assistance or an ambulance, dial 191.
In Bangkok, you can also call 1646 for faster local emergency help. When calling, give clear information about the problem, your exact location, and the patient’s condition. If language is an issue, use simple English or a translation app to explain the situation.
Describe the situation clearly
Explain the emergency clearly to ensure responders understand what is happening. Describe the patient’s symptoms, any noticeable injuries, and their medical history if you know it.
If possible, ask someone who speaks Thai to help communicate. This ensures the responders have all the details they need to provide proper care quickly.
Most resources state that in the event of talking to the operator, you must give these key details in order.
- Location: Street names, landmarks, addresses, or anything you can give to the operator in order to allow them to pinpoint where the emergency is. In a busy city like Bangkok, giving out the exact location can help them determine where the ambulances need to go and which is the closest hospital to take the patient.
- Phone number (callback number): In case the operator needs to call back to you, it is wise to also let them know your phone number.
- Emergency: What is the emergency? You need to let the operator know, If you are unsure what it could be you could describe the state of the patient instead. This allows the operator to send the right resources to the scene.
- Continuous information: After the information is already been said, it is usually wise to stay in contact with the operator to give a continuous flow of information. Situations can change, the patient can get better or worse, and there might be more casualties afterwards.
How you can assist the ambulances
Image via Marje from Getty Images Signature
Stay with the patient
Always stay with the patient until medical help arrives. If you know first aid, provide assistance to stabilise their condition, such as monitoring breathing and consciousness. If not, focus on keeping the patient comfortable and calm. Reassure them and avoid causing additional stress.
Keep the ambulance and emergency service updated
Emergencies have the potential to change fast and sometimes the location of the emergency won’t be static. sometimes you might need to move the patient to a safer location, sometimes the patient believes they can take care of themselves until they are not able to.
Making sure that the ambulances are aware of changes that are occurring in the situation is imperative to ensure they reach the right place with the right tools and information to swiftly care for the emergency.
Choosing a hospital
When you hear that you can choose a hospital, there might be a question that you have in mind.
“What?! Choosing a hospital in the middle of an emergency?! Are you crazy?!”
While yes, beggars can’t be choosers, you do have some choice. Most hospitals have their own ambulances and even then extend payments out to volunteer emergency rescue teams in Thailand who are incentivised to bring the patients to their hospitals.
Your choice extends to who you call as each of these hospitals and teams have their own phone numbers as well.
It is suggested to call out the emergency services only in the middle of a severe situation though.
Private vs. public hospitals
You can choose between private and public hospitals, each with its advantages. Private hospitals are more expensive but offer better services, shorter wait times, and modern facilities. They often have highly trained specialists and advanced technology, making them ideal for those who value quick and personalised care.
Public hospitals, on the other hand, are more affordable but usually have longer wait times and fewer staff who can speak English. They can handle most medical conditions but may lack the convenience and efficiency of private hospitals.
Private ambulances
Private ambulance services in Thailand often respond faster and are better equipped than public services. Many have trained medical personnel who can begin treatment on the way to the hospital, which is crucial in serious situations. For private emergency medical services, you can call 1724 for assistance. If time is critical, contacting a private service directly can save valuable minutes and ensure prompt care.
Volunteer ambulances
Since cities like Bangkok are massive and have a lot of people. Since there are not enough ambulances and medical personnel, there are medical volunteer services who serve as first responders to stabilise the patients until the ambulances arrive. It’s not too necessary to keep them in mind unless you have a particular team that you really like.
Dealing with language barriers
Language barriers can make medical emergencies more challenging for expats in Thailand. Clear communication is crucial to ensure accurate treatment and avoid misunderstandings. Using helpful tools and knowing how to request assistance can make a big difference during critical moments.
Using translation apps
In a medical emergency, translation apps can help overcome language barriers. Apps like Google Translate and Care to Translate provide quick and reliable translations, including medical-specific terms. These tools allow you to type or speak phrases or use preset icons to explain symptoms, making communication faster and clearer during urgent situations.
Ask English-speaking staff
If communication is difficult, ask for English-speaking staff. Many private and international hospitals in Thailand have personnel who can assist foreign patients. Clearly stating your need for an English speaker ensures better understanding and care during your visit.
Payment and Insurance
Paying for medical care in Thailand can be different from what many expats are used to. Understanding costs, having insurance, and keeping emergency funds ready can make handling unexpected situations much easier. Planning ahead ensures you can focus on getting the care you need without added stress.
Medical costs in Thailand
Healthcare costs in Thailand vary depending on the hospital and treatment. Private hospitals usually require upfront payments, with outpatient visits costing between 1,500 Thai baht and 4,500 Thai baht, and overnight stays around 30,000 baht or more for critical care. Public hospitals are more affordable, but costs depend on the services provided. It’s important to ask about charges in advance to avoid unexpected expenses.
Using travel or health insurance
Health insurance is important for expats in Thailand, especially for emergencies, hospital stays, and outpatient care. Comprehensive plans help cover medical costs and provide peace of mind.
For long-term residents, providers like Cigna offer tailored plans that include emergency medical evacuations and other essential services.
Post-emergency follow-up
After a medical emergency, following up is important to ensure proper care and manage any expenses. Keeping medical records, continuing prescribed treatments, and filing insurance claims can help you stay on track. These steps make recovery smoother and reduce stress.
Medical records
Keep copies of your treatment records to ensure proper follow-up care. Ask the hospital for a detailed report that includes your diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up instructions. Most Thai hospitals are familiar with providing records to international patients, so don’t hesitate to request them. Organised records are helpful for future visits and insurance claims.
Prescription refills
If you were given medication, ask for a prescription to take to a pharmacy. Many pharmacies in Thailand have English-speaking staff who can help. Larger pharmacy chains often have a good supply of medicines, making it easier to get refills and continue your treatment.
Insurance claims
To claim medical expenses, collect all bills, reports, and receipts from your visit. Contact your insurance provider for claim instructions, including any forms or deadlines. Providers like Cigna offer clear processes for expatriates, making it easier to get reimbursed quickly. Staying organised helps avoid delays and ensures you get the support you need.
Health insurance for expats in Thailand
Living in Thailand as an expat comes with unique challenges, including managing healthcare. Private health insurance, such as Cigna, helps cover medical costs and provides access to reliable care during emergencies or for ongoing health issues. Their plans are designed to meet the needs of expats and offer a range of benefits.
Key benefits of Cigna’s plans
- Inpatient care: Covers up to US$1,000,000 annually for hospital stays.
- Outpatient visits: Includes up to US$25,000 per year for doctor consultations.
- Chronic condition support: Full coverage for ongoing treatment of chronic illnesses.
- Emergency evacuation: 100% worldwide coverage for life-threatening situations.
- Preventive care: Covers check-ups, screenings, and vaccinations.
- Customisable add-ons: Options for dental, vision, and maternity care.
Now is the best time to secure health insurance before rates increase in 2025. Get a free quote today and protect your health with a trusted provider like Cigna.
Expats in Thailand can handle medical emergencies more effectively by staying calm, contacting emergency services, and being prepared with accurate information. Knowing the differences between private and public hospitals, overcoming language barriers, and having health insurance like Cigna ensures access to proper care. Keeping medical records, managing prescriptions, and maintaining an emergency kit and contact list are essential for quick responses.
Preparing in advance with first aid knowledge and embassy registration also helps expats navigate emergencies smoothly. If you ever wondered about other healthcare services for expats, it would be wise to research topics such as whether foreigners get free healthcare in Thailand.
FAQ for What to do in a medical emergency as an expat in Thailand
What should I do in a medical emergency in Thailand?
In a medical emergency, remain calm and assess the situation. Call emergency services by dialling 1669 for medical help or 191 if police assistance is also needed. Provide clear information about the patient's condition and location. If there's a language barrier, use simple English or a translation app to communicate effectively.
How do I choose between public and private hospitals?
Expats can choose between public and private hospitals in Thailand. Private hospitals offer better services and shorter wait times but are more expensive. Public hospitals are more affordable but may have longer wait times and fewer English-speaking staff. Knowing the nearest facilities with 24/7 emergency rooms can help you make an informed decision quickly.
What if I can't communicate due to language barriers?
Language barriers can complicate medical emergencies. Using translation apps like Google Translate can facilitate communication about symptoms and medical history. Additionally, you can request English-speaking staff at many private hospitals to ensure better understanding during your visit.
How are medical costs handled in Thailand?
Medical costs vary significantly between private and public hospitals. Private hospitals typically require upfront payments, with outpatient visits costing between 1,500 and 4,500 Thai baht. Having health insurance is crucial for expats, as it can cover many medical expenses and provide peace of mind during emergencies.
What health insurance options are available for expats in Thailand?
Health insurance is essential for expats in Thailand. Providers like Cigna offer comprehensive plans that cover hospital stays, outpatient visits, chronic condition support, emergency evacuations, and preventive care. Customisable add-ons are available for dental, vision, and maternity care to meet individual needs.
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